Headmaster Past paper

All financial transaction of the school occurring from day to day is entered in
Cash Book

Micro planning is done in
Middle and Lower Management

The ACR cannot be initiated for the period of less than
Three months

The individual in the group given the task of directing and coordinating is
Supervisor

The cash book in maintained by
DDO

Authoritarian model is more suitable for
Discipline

Teacher salaries and allowances collectively are written in
Cash Register

A programme of activities which is designed to attain educational ends is
Curriculum

Superannuation retirement age in Pakistan is
60 Years

Pension is given if the retirement is after service of
25 years

The process of making judgment is called
Evaluation

What does E and D Rules mean
Efficiency and discipline rules

A.D.P is an abbreviation of
Annual development programme

The power is concentrated in the hands of one or few people in
Centralization

S.N.E is an abbreviation of
Schedule of new entry

The level of school addminstration can best be judged through
Learning out comes

Acquaintance roll is used for
Salary disbursement

All transaction should be entered in which register
Cash

The concept of inspection was first introduced in
England

Budgeting is an estimation of
Income and expenditure

The authorized person of staff performance is
Head teacher

Education policies 1947 to 2009

1) 1947 educational conference
* Educational Minister: Mulana Fazal ur Reham (east Pak)
* Held: Karachi from 27 Nov to 01 Dec
___________________
2) National Education Commission:
*Education secretary: S.M. Sharif (Not education Minister)
*Held: Karachi from 30 dec 1958 to 05 Jan 1959
*Report submitted: August 1959
___________________
3) National education Policy 1970
*Educational Minister: Air Marshel Noor Khan
*Another Name: Noor Khan Report
*Date: 26 March 1970
___________________
4) National education Policy 1972
*Educational Minister: Abdul Hafeez Pir Zada
*Date: 29 March 1972
___________________
5) National education Policy 1978
*Educational Minister: Muhammad Khan Hoti
*Date: 5 January 1979
*Place: Islamabad
___________________
6) National education Policy 1992
*Educational Minister: Fakhar Imam
___________________
7) National education Policy 1998
*Educational Minister: Syed Ghous Ali Shah
*Date: 27 March 1998 (In the memory of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan)
*Place: Islamabad
___________________
8) National education Policy 2009
*Educational Minister: Mir Hazar Khan Bijarani
*Date: 9 September 2009
*Place: Islamabad
___________________
‪#‎Educational_conference_Policies

Definition of Some education term

   Pedagogy is the holistic science of education. the word is derived from a Greek word Paidos and ago, which means  "to lead the child"
2.                  The word "education" is derived from the Latin ēducātiō (“A breeding, a bringing up, a rearing") from ēdūcō (“educate,  train”)
3.                  In formal education, a curriculum is the set of courses, and their content, offered at a school or university.
4.                  curriculum came from the Latin word for race course, referring to the course of deeds and experiences through which children grow to become mature adult
5.                  Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that studies knowledge.Deals with
6.                  What is knowledge?
7.                  How is knowledge acquired?
8.                  ontology is the study or concern about what kinds of things exist - what entities there are in the universe. It derives from the Greek onto (being) and logia (written or spoken discourse). It is a branch of metaphysics , the study of first principles or the essence of things.
9.                  axiology is The study of the nature of values and value judgments.
10.             Perennialists believe that one should teach the things that one deems to be of everlasting pertinence to all people everywhere
11.             Educational essentialism is an educational philosophy whose adherents believe that children should learn the traditional basic subjects thoroughly and rigorously
12.             Progressivists believe that individuality, progress, and change are fundamental to one's education. Believing that people learn best from what they consider most relevant to their lives, progressivists center their curricula on the needs, experiences, interests, and abilities of students
13.             Philosophy of education can refer to either the academic field of applied philosophy or to one of any educational philosophies that promote a specific type or vision of education, and/or which examine the definition, goals and meaning of education.

Sir Syed Ahmad Khan

Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (17 Oct, 1817 – 27 Mar 1898)

• Got knowledge from Farid ud Din (maternal-grandfather – Ex Mughal PM)
• Got knowledge of Quran, Arabic, Persian, History, Maths and Medicine

Joined gov’t in 1839 – after father’s death – in a clerical job  1841 – promoted as Sub-Judge 1846 – transferred to Delhi  Chief judge in 1846  was offered an estate for services rendered to British during war 1857 but he rejected  1877 – member of imperial council 1886 – University of Edinburgh – LL.D degree 1888 – Knighthood

Educational Aspect of Aligarh Movement

Objective:

1. Modern education for Muslims to compete Hindus
2. Cooperation with the British government

1. Schools
• Muradabad (1859)
• Ghazipur (1863)
2. Scientific society at Gahazipur (1864)
• (to translate modern work from English to urdu and Persian)
• 1866 – Society published Aligarh Gazette (to arouse sentiments of goodwill & friendship)
• Muhammadan Educational Conference
• Established in 1866  held public meetings, discussed modern education techniques  Nawab Mohsan al Malik, Vaqar ul Malik, Maulana Shibli and Maulana Hali as members
3. Muhammadan Educational Conference
• Established in 1866 held public meetings, discussed modern education techniques  Nawab Mohsan al Malik, Vaqar ul Malik, Maulana Shibli and Maulana Hali as members
1869 – went to England, studied education system of Oxford & Cambridge
4. Anjuman-i-Taraqi-i-Musalmanan-i-Hind (1870)
• to impart modern knowledge to Muslims
5. Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College
On pattern of Oxford Fund raising committee formed 24th May, 1874, MAO High school established  1877 – got status of college  western, eastern and Islamic education  1920 – status of University

Political Aspects of Aligarh Movement

1. Muslims should avoid active politics
2. Sir Syed wrote “Risala-i-Asbab-Baghawqat-i-Hind

Causes of WOI 1857

1. Non representation of Indian in legislative councils
2. Conversion of Indian into Christianity
3. Mismanagement of Indian army
4. Ill advised measure of gov’t
• Consequence: Indian membership in Act 1861
3. 1866 – Sir Syed formed British India Association at Aligarh – to express grievances of Indians to gov’t
4. wrote Loyal Muhammadans of India
5. Indian Patriotic Association 1888 – forum for those who did not join Congress
6. Muhammadan Political Association 1903 – Against Hindu Revivalist movements
a. Arya Smaj – Hindustan 1977
b. B G Tilak – Cow Slaughter
c. Shudhi -
d. Shangtahn -

Religious Services of Aligarh Movement

1. Wrote “Essay on the Life of Muhammad & Rebattle” in response to William Muire’s objectionable remarks in “Life of Muhammad”
2. Philosophical commentary “Tabaeen-al-Kalam” on bible – point out similarities
3. Influenced by MBA Wahab and Shah Ismail Shaheed – having positive attitude towards religion

Social services of Aligarh Movement

1. “Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq”  criticized conservative way of life and advised to adopt new trend
2. Established Orphanage houses
3. Founded Anjuman-i-Tariki-i-Urdu  protecting Urdu
4. Ahkam-i-Taham-i-Ahle-Kitab  Muslims can eat with Christians
Pioneer of two nation theory
• Advocate of Hindu Muslim unity
• Urdu Hindi controversy 1867 in Banaras, changed his views
• Shakespeare dialogue

Features of Aligarh

• Western & Eastern Education
• Islamic Education
• Residential College
• European and Indian staff
• Non-Muslim students
• Loyalist Disposition

Aligarh Movement after Sir Syed’s death

1. 1889 – Sir Syed proposed a trustee bill  Sir Syed as Sec. of the trust & Syed Mahmud (son) as joint sec.
2. After Sir Syed’s death (1898), Syed Mahmud as Sec.  was a weak manager  resigned
3. Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk as new sec  devoted  deposited six lac Rs to gov’t  handled the conflict b/t two groups – Sahibzada Aftab Khan (in favor of European staff) & Muhammad Ali Johar  Died in 1907
4. Nwab Vaqar ul Malik took over tussle on European staff arouse  Nawab resigned in 1912 – health
5. Nwab Muhammad Ishaq Khan  deposited 20 lac for status of University 1919.

History Of Education

In Muradabad 1859 First School was established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan
MAO High School Ali Garh 1875 established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan
MAO college Ali Garh  1877 established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan which was inaugurated by Lord Milton.
This college became university in 1920
Mr.Sidens was first its principal
All India Mohamdan Educational Conference established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan in 1886
Scientific Society in 1866  established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan
Dar-ul-Deoband established by Molana Qasim Nanotavi in 30 May 1866 in Chahta Mosque.
Molna M. Mehmmod was first its teacher.
Following are pre independence educational reports and commissions
Charles Grants Treatise issued in 1792. Charles was a British Parliament member.
Lord Minto( Governor General of Subcontinent) Report issued in 1811
Lord Macaulay Report 1835
wood dispatch report 1854. Charles wood was president of board of control
Hunter Commission 1882. William hunter was a minister of Lord Rippen viceroy council
Indian Universities Comission 1902
Sadler Comission 1919. Michal Sadler was VC of Leads university
Hartog Committee report 1929
Charter act 1833
Lord Macaulay report 1835
Woods despatch policy 1854
Punjab university 1882
Sir William Hunter commission 1882
Thomas foro report 1822
Indian council of education 1842
Sergeant report 1944
Sedler commission 1917

NEP:National Education Policy 2009

Pakistan National Education Policy (NEP) 2009

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2009 (“the Policy”) comes in a series of education policies dating back to the very inception of the country in 1947. The review process for the National Education Policy 1998-2010 was initiated in 2005 and the first document, the White Paper was finalised in March 2007. The White Paper became the basis for development of the Policy document.

Life Skills-Based Education (LSBE) shall be promoted.
Grades XI and XII shall not be part of the college level and shall be merged into the school level forming part of existing secondary schools
A system for ranking of primary and secondary educational institutions across the country shall be introduced
To create an order for excellence in the country, a “National Merit Programme” shall be introduced to award bright students
All children, boys and girls, shall be brought inside school by the year 2015.
Official age for primary education shall be 6 to 10 years. The official age group for next levels of education shall also change accordingly.
Government shall make efforts to provide the necessary financial resources to achieve the EFA goals.
Government shall establish at least one “Apna Ghar” residential school in each province to provide free high quality education facilities to poor students.
Every child, on admission in Grade I, shall be allotted a unique ID that will continue to remain with the child throughout his or her academic career.
Literacy rate shall be increased up to 86% by 2015
Provinces and district governments shall allocate a minimum of 3% of education budget for literacy and non formal basic education (NFBE).
NEF programmes, currently in practice up to grade 5 shall be expanded up to grade 10, where required.
(14 to 17 years). Special educational stipends shall be introduced to rehabilitate child labourers.
A Bachelors degree, with a B.Ed., shall be the requirement for teaching at the elementary level. A Masters level for the secondary and higher secondary, with a B.Ed., shall be ensured by 2018. PTC and CT shall be finished
Diploma in Education (D.Ed) may be used as an intermediate qualification till B.Ed teachers are available universally.
Teacher training arrangements, accreditation and certification procedures shall be standardised and institutionalised.
In service teachers training in mathematics shall be given with due attention to developing conceptual understanding, procedural knowledge, problem solving and practical reasoning skills.
In service teacher training in science shall be based on real life situations, use of science kits and provision of science kits to all primary and middle schools.
Teacher allocation plans, likewise, shall be based on schools needs and qualifications of teachers. Over the course of next two years, Governments shall develop a rationalised and need-based school allocation of teachers, which should be reviewed and modified annually.
Provincial and Area Administrations shall develop effective accountability mechanism including EMIS data on teacher deployment, to control absenteeism and multiple job-holding,
Maximum age limit shall be waived off for recruitment of female teachers.
The curriculum development and review process, as well as textbooks review process, shall be standardised and institutionalised within the framework of the Federal Supervision of Curricula, Textbooks and Maintenance of Standards of Education Act, 1976.
Professional Councils like Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PM&DC) and Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC) shall be involved in consultations for relevant curriculum development.
Environmental education shall be made an integral part of education.
Matric-Tech scheme shall be re-introduced at secondary level
Education system needs to be internationally competitive and Pakistan shall make efforts
TVE shall be extended according to the need of the area i.e. Tehsil, District and
Division.

What is Pedagogy?

Pedagogy is the holistic science of education. the word is derived from a Greek word Paidos and ago, which means "to lead the child"
The word "education" is derived from the Latin ēducātiō (“A breeding, a bringing up, a rearing") from ēdūcō (“educate, train”)
In formal education, a curriculum is the set of courses, and their content, offered at a school or university.
curriculum came from the Latin word for race course, referring to the course of deeds and experiences through which children grow to become mature adult
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that studies knowledge.Deals with
What is knowledge?
How is knowledge acquired?
ontology is the study or concern about what kinds of things exist - what entities there are in the universe. It derives from the Greek onto (being) and logia (written or spoken discourse). It is a branch of metaphysics , the study of first principles or the essence of things.
axiology is The study of the nature of values and value judgments.
Perennialists believe that one should teach the things that one deems to be of everlasting pertinence to all people everywhere
Educational essentialism is an educational philosophy whose adherents believe that children should learn the traditional basic subjects thoroughly and rigorously
Progressivists believe that individuality, progress, and change are fundamental to one's education. Believing that people learn best from what they consider most relevant to their lives, progressivists center their curricula on the needs, experiences, interests, and abilities of students
Philosophy of education can refer to either the academic field of applied philosophy or to one of any educational philosophies that promote a specific type or vision of education, and/or which examine the definition, goals and meaning of education.

TET Child development and Pedagogy MCQs

1. A major strength of ecological theory is its framework for explaining
(a) Environmental influences on development.
(b) Biological influences on development.
(c) Cognitive development.
(d) Affective processes in development.

2. All of the following advanced principles of child development that are closely allied to the stimulus response learning theory, except
(a) Pavilov
(b) J B Waston
(c) Hull
(d) Gesell

3. The process whereby the genetic factors limit an individual's responsiveness to the
environment is known as
(a) Canalization.
(b) Discontinuity.
(c) Differentiation.
(d) Range of reaction.

4. In order to develop the spirit of labour in students
(a) The teacher himself should indulge in labour
(b) The teacher should deliver lectures on the importance of labour
(c) Students should be given opportunities to do labour from time to time
(d) Students should be given examples of laboring people

5. A child has been admitted to your school who belongs to a back ward family/background from the cultural viewpoint. You will
(a) Keep him in a class in which, there are many more students of backward
background from the cultural viewpoint
(b) Send a teacher to know more about the backward cultural background of the child
(c) Keep him in a normal class but will make special arrangements for teaching him, keeping his special needs in view
(d) Advise him to take up vocational education

6. All of the following can be signs that a child is gifted, except
(a) Early development of a sense of time
(b) Interest in encyclopaedias and dictionaries
(c) Uneasy relationships with peers.
(d) Easy retention of facts